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Climate

 

INTRODUCTIONINDIAN MONSOONThe Thermal Concept of Halley (1686)The Dynamic Concept by FlohnRecent Concepts about the Origin of Indian MonsoonsINDIAN MONSOONS AND THE TIBET PLATEAUJET STREAM AND INDIAN MONSOONSEL-NINO AND THE INDIAN MONSOONSomalian CurrentBURST OF MONSOONBREAKS IN THE MONSOONOnset of the MonsoonProgress of the MonsoonsSEASONS IN INDIAA. Seasons of North-East MonsoonB. Seasons of South-West MonsoonI. The Cold Weather Season2. The Hot Weather Season3. The Season of General Rains4. Season of Retreating MonsoonRAINFALL DISTRIBUTIONVARIABILITY OF RAINFALLCLIMATIC REGIONS OF INDIAKOPPEN'S CLASSIFICATION OF INDIAN CLIMATE1. Aw (Tropical Savanna Type)2. Amw (Tropical Monsoon Type)3. As (Tropical Moist Climate)4. BShw (Semi-Arid Steppe Climate)5. BWhw (Hot Desert Type)6. Cwg (Mesothermal Climate—Gangetic Plain Type)7. Dfc (Cold Humid Winter Type)8. E (Polar Type)9. ET (Tundra Type)CLIMATIC DIVISIONS BY STAMP AND KENDREWA. Subtropical Climate1. The Himalayan Region2. The North-Western Region3. The Dry Plains of North-West India4. Areas of Moderate Rainfall5. The Transitional ZoneB. Tropical India6. Region of Very Heavy Rainfall7. Region of Heavy Rainfall8. Region of Moderate Rainfall9. The Konkan Coast10. The Malabar Coast11. The Tamil Nadu RegionTREWARTHA'S CLASSIFICATION OF INDIAN CLIMATE1. The Tropical Rainy Climate (Am)2. The Tropical Savannah Climate (Aw)3. The Tropical Steppe Climate (BSw)4. The Sub-tropical Steppe Climate (BSh)5. The Tropical Arid Climate (BWh)6. The Humid Sub-tropical Climate (Caw)7. The Humid Mountain Climate (Dwb)CLIMATIC DIVISIONS OF INDIA BY R.L. SINGH (1971)I. The Humid North-East2. Humid Sahyadri and Western Coast3. The Humid South-East4. The Sub-Humid Transition5. The Sub-Humid Littoral6. The Sub-Humid Continental7. Semi-Arid Subtropical8. The Semi-Arid Tropical9. Arid2. Humid Sahyadri and Western Coast3. The Humid South-East4. The Sub-Humid Transition5. The Sub-Humid Littoral6. The Sub-Humid Continental7. Semi-Arid Subtropical8. The Semi-Arid Tropical9. Arid10. The Western HimalayasDROUGHTSDrought ManagementDrought Prone Area Programme (DPAP)FLOODSCauses of FloodsFlood Prone Areas of India1. The Ganga River Basin2. The Brahmaputra River Basin3. The Punjab Haryana Flood Plain4. Flood Prone Areas of the Coastal PlainsFlood Control and Management1. Flood Forecasting2. Reduction of Runoff3. Construction of Dams and Reservoirs4. Control of Flood Levels5. Construction of Embankments6. Flood Plain Zoning7. Other MeasuresFlood Control Programme and Strategies

  

 

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