LECTURE-12
INDIA AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Contents
1. The United States of America 188
1.1. India and the United States: Current Status 188
1.2. Background 189
1.3. The Civil Nuclear Deal: A New Era 190
1.3.1. The Civil Nuclear Deal: Opertaionalisation 190
1.3.2. India-US Cooperation on Nuclear Energy: Historic Background 191
1.4. The Mechanism of Cooperation 191
1.5. Political Ties 191
1.6. Defence Cooperation 192
1.6.1. Expanding Scope of Defence Cooperation 192
1.6.2. Way Forward: The Foundational Agreements 193
1.7. Counter-terrorism and Internal Security 193
1.8. The Economy 194
1.8.1. Trade 194
1.8.2. Investment and Development 194
1.8.3. Major issues of Contention in Economy 194
1.8.4. Major Issues: IPR 195
1.9. Energy 196
1.10. Climate Change 196
1.11. Education and Culture 197
1.12. Space 197
1.13. Science and Technology 198
1.14. P2P: Diaspora 198
1.15. Global Public Health 198
1.16. Strategic Components of the Relationship 199
1.17. The Pakistan Factor 199
1.17.1. Recent Trends 199
1.17.2. Pakistan Factor: What’s New? 200
1.18. The China Factor 200
1.19. The Indo-Pacific 201
1.20. The Russia Factor 201
1.21. The Joint Declaration 2017 201
1.22. Way Forward 202
1.23. Policy Options 202
1. The United States of America1.1. India and the United States: Current Status“Enduring Global Partners in the 21st Century”.1.2. Background♤ For most of the period after India achieved independence in 1947, the U.S. viewed South Asia as a region largely peripheral to its strategic needs.♤ During the 1962 Sino-Indian war, the U.S. publicly supported India’s interpretation of its♤ India attached much significance to autonomy in international matters.♤ India’s “non-aligned” foreign policy thus became a source of considerable irritation to the♤ In essence, during the Cold War India refused to promote U.S. grand strategic goals and offered few economic benefits, while posing little direct military threat to American interests. India therefore was largely ignored.♤ New Delhi realized that a closer relationship with Washington could help them fill the♤ Since the end of Cold War and increasingly in the last decade common strategic interests such as managing the rise of China, ensuring maritime security and confronting international terrorism combined with shared values such as democracy have driven these relations.o allows India to reserve all its indigenous uranium for its weapons programme, and♤ The civil nuclear agreement has played an important role in:1.3.2. India-US Cooperation on Nuclear Energy: Historic Background1.4. The Mechanism of Cooperation♤ There are more than 50 bilateral dialogue mechanisms between the two governments.1.5. Political Ties♤ The frequency of high-level visits and exchanges between India and the U.S. has gone up significantly in recent years.♤ President Obama's visited India on 25-27 January 2015 as the Chief Guest at India's Republic Day.Session of the U.S. Congress, he was the sixth Indian Prime Minister to address the U.S. Congress.♤ The PM visited the United States to meet President Donald Trump in June 2017.♤ This has resulted in intensification in defence trade, joint exercises, personnel exchanges, collaboration and cooperation in maritime security and counter-piracy, and exchanges between each of the three services.♤ Aggregate worth of defence acquisition from U.S. has crossed over US$ 13 billion (MEA 2016).1.6.2. Way Forward: The Foundational Agreements1.7. Counter-terrorism and Internal Security1.8. The Economy1.8.1. Trade1.8.2. Investment and Development1.8.3. Major issues of Contention in Economy1.8.4. Major Issues: IPR1.9. Energy♤ India received its first crude oil cargo of 1.6 million barrels from the US at the Paradip Port, Odisha on 2 October 2017.♤ The U.S. Department of Energy has so far given its approval for export of LNG from seven liquefaction terminals in the U.S., to countries with which the U.S. does not have a free trade agreement (FTA).1.10. Climate ChangeChallenges in Climate Change Cooperation1.11. Education and Culture♤ About 130,000 Indian students are pursuing advanced degrees in the U.S.1.12. SpaceSpace Cooperation: A historical Background1.13. Science and Technology1.14. P2P: Diaspora1.15. Global Public Health♤ Under the 2010 U.S.-India Health Initiative, four working groups have been organized in the areas of Non-Communicable Diseases, Infectious Diseases, Strengthening Health Systems and Services, and Maternal and Child Health.1.16. Strategic Components of the Relationship1.17. The Pakistan Factor1.17.1. Recent Trends1.17.2. Pakistan Factor: What’s New?1.18. The China Factor1.19. The Indo-Pacific1.20. The Russia Factor♤ USA is the largest military supplier in the World. India one of the largest military buyers♤ Now Moscow seems to be pivoting towards Islamabad as New Delhi becomes closer to Washington.1.21. The Joint Declaration 2017suspected terrorists for travel screening, strengthening information exchange on plans, movements and linkages of terrorist groups and their leaders, terror financing, etc.♤ This reaffirms that India and USA are on the same page with respect to dealing with the rapidly growing influence and presence of China in the Indian Ocean and Indo-Pacific region.1.23. Policy Options
