9.2. Methods of Operation of Pressure Groups in India

The pressure groups adopt different methods to achieve their goals. These methods range from cordial rapport with the political party in power, to resorting to agitational methods.

The pressure groups finance the political parties during the election time and sometimes even during the non-election times. They control the parties through this funding mechanism. Once the parties receive financial support, they cannot oppose these groups and their interests. On the other hand, they have to promote their interests.

The pressure groups also maintain close rapport with the State apparatus, viz., the bureaucratic machinery. The organised pressure groups maintain a relationship with the key bureaucrats. The liaison officers are appointed to take care of the bureaucrats, particularly when they are stubborn. The lobbyists, middlemen, etc. have acquired enough of skills to manage them. This has also given rise to favouritism, corruption and other maladies in bureaucracy.

While one cannot find anything seriously wrong with the pressure groups, it is the methods of operation which have become controversial. Although all the pressure groups use identical methods, there are some groups which are far more effective than the others.