1.2.1. Creation and abolition of Second Chambers in States

♤ This involves a simple procedure, which does not involve amendment of the constitution. Under the Article 169 of the Indian Constitution, the legislative assembly of the concerned state can pass a resolution with special majority (that is, a majority of the total membership of the Assembly not being less than two-thirds of the members actually present and voting). Accordingly, Parliament may by law provide for the creation or abolition of the Legislative Council of the State.

♤ In January 2020, Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly passed the resolution for abolition of the Legislative Council. This resolution is yet to be cleared by the Parliament of India to finally abolish the council.