Reasons for decline in parliamentary efficacy

♤ Anti-defection law and party-whips: It disincentivizes active participation of individual MPs as they have to heed to party lines to avoid disqualification.

♤ Executive/Government control: The Government control over the summoning of each house and the legislative business to be deliberated, hinders the envisaged parliamentary control over the executive.

♤ Decline in effectiveness of parliamentary committees: MPs are unable to pay attention to committees as their constituencies make a huge demand on their time. Also, no mechanism exists for regular assessment of performance of committees.

♤ Erosion of political ethics and professionalism because of commercialization and criminalization of politics, and loss of individual integrity.

♤ Lack of research staff: It hinders the ability of legislators to deep-dive into important issues and constructive deliberations in the house.

♤ Live telecasts and media attention: This encourages MPs to take grandstands on issues to grab undue public attention.