Streptococcus pneumoniae

♤ It has been a major cause of community-acquired infection such as upper respiratory infection, bronchitis, pneumonia, otitis media, pharyngitis and meningitis.

♤ Even though it was once almost eradicated by penicillin, it has now developed significant resistance to penicillin, trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, macrolides, tetracyclines, and fluoroquinolones and thus has become a major problem.