Extent of Executive Power of the Union

Article 73 provides:

1) All those subjects on which the Union Parliament has powers to make law, Union Executive will have powers on such subjects.

2) Whatever power and authority emerges because of any treaty or agreement.

3) With respect to the Concurrent List, ordinarily the executive powers will be with the states, but if a law made by the Parliament specifically provides that the power is to be exercised by the Union executive, then it is the Union that will exercise executive powers.

Further, Article 53(3) provides:

If any law passed by the Parliament has given a function to the government of any state, or any other authority, it shall not be understood or deemed to be transferred to the President.

Notably, Article 53 doesn’t prevent the Parliament from giving any executive function by law to any authority, other than the President.