9. Directives and Constitutional Amendments
Since the Indian constitution came into force, there have been number of amendments –
addition, and modification from the part IV of the constitution.
Affected Article | Change | Through |
38 (2) | Added | 44th Amendment Act, 1978 |
39 (f) | Added | 42th Amendment Act, 1976 |
39A | Added | 42th Amendment Act, 1976 |
43A | Added | 42th Amendment Act, 1976 |
43B | Added | 97th Amendment Act, 2011 |
45 | Modified Text* | 86th Amendment Act, 2002 |
48A | Added | 42nd Amendment Act, 1976 |
*Article 45 which originally stated:
“The State shall endeavour to provide, within a period of ten years from the commencement of this Constitution, for free and compulsory education for all children until they complete the age of fourteen years”
was substituted by
“The State shall endeavor to provide early childhood care and education for all children until
they complete the age of six years.”