Contents

1. Introduction 79

2. Key Words in the Preamble 79

2.1. Sovereign 79

2.1.1. Sovereignty and Globalization 79

2.2. Socialist 80

2.3. Secular 80

2.3.1. Constitutional Provisions Regarding Secularism 81

2.4. Democratic 81

2.5. Republic 81

2.6. Liberty 82

2.7. Equality 82

2.8. Fraternity 82

2.9. Justice 83

3. Status of the Preamble 83

3.1. Traditional View 83

3.2. Modern View 83

3.3. Status of The Preamble in India 84

3.3.1. Berubari Union Case, 1960 84

3.3.2. Kesavananda Bharaticase, 1973 84

3.3.3. S R Bommai Case, 1994 84

4. Amendability of the Preamble 84

5. Preamble as an Aid to the Interpretation of the Constitution 84

5.1. Berubari Case 84

5.2. Kesavananda Bharati Case 85

6. UPSC Previous Years Prelims questions 85

7. UPSC Previous Years GS Mains Questions 86

8. GS Mains Test Series Questions 86

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