1.2. Functions of the Constitution

A Constitution, whether it is written or unwritten, always has several functions, some of which are as follows:

a) Expression of Ideology: It reflects the ideology and philosophy of a nation state.

b) Expression of Basic Law: A Constitution presents basic laws, which can usually be modified or replaced through a process of amendment. Generally, there are special laws too, which focus upon the rights of the citizens; for instance, rights concerning freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press etc.

c) Organizational framework: It provides an organizational framework for the government. It defines the functions of legislature, executive and judiciary, their inter-relationship, restrictions on their authority etc.

d) Levels of Government: A Constitution generally explains the levels of different organs of the Government. Whether it is federal, confederation or unitary, is usually described by the Constitution. It may also delineate the powers of national and provincial governments.

e) Provisions for amendment: As it would not be possible to foretell all possibilities in future with great degree of accuracy, there must be sufficient provisions for amendment of the Constitution. So, it should contain a set of directions for its own modifications. Inherent capacity to change according to changing times and needs help any system to survive and improve.