Answer:

Alternative dispute redressal mechanism includes dispute resolution processes and techniques that act as a means for disagreeing parties to come to an agreement without litigation. Following are the tools of ADR:

♤ Arbitration: Arbitration is a process in which a neutral third party render a decision based on the merits of the case.

♤ Mediation: The process of mediation aims to facilitate the development of a consensual solution by the disputing parties. Mediation is overseen by a non- partisan third party.

♤ Conciliation: This is a process by which resolution of disputes is achieved by compromise or voluntary agreement. In contrast to arbitration, the conciliator does not render a binding award.

Indian judicial system is characterized by rampant delay in the disposition of the cases due to inadequate number of courts and judges in the country. High cost of litigation and complex legal procedure alienates the poor and uneducated from the judicial system.

Based on Gandhian principles Lok Adalat is Indian contribution to the world jurisprudence of ADR. Lok Adalats are a step towards fulfilling the directives under Article 39A for equal justice and free legal aid.