13.1. Individual Privileges

These are the privileges enjoyed by the members individually. These are as follows:

a. Freedom from arrest: The members cannot be arrested during a session of Parliament or a meeting of a committee and 40 days before the beginning and 40 days after the end of a session. This immunity is however confined to arrest in civil cases and does not extend to arrest in a criminal case or under the law of Preventive Detention.

b. Freedom of Attendance as Witness: In accordance with the English practice, a member cannot be summoned without the leave of the House to give evidence as a witness while the Parliament is in the session.

c. Freedom of Speech: A Member of Parliament cannot be made liable in any court of law in respect of anything said in Parliament or any committee thereof. This freedom is however

subject to the rules framed by the House under its powers to regulate its internal procedure. Further the Constitution also imposes another restriction, namely, that no discussion shall take place in the Parliament with respect to conduct of any Judge of the Supreme Court or of a High Court in the discharge of his duties (except when a motion for removal of the Judge is under consideration).