♤ UNFCCC came into existence in 1992 and has 197 parties. It took effect in 1994.

♤ Conference of Parties (CoP) is in place since 1995, it is the supreme decision-making body of the Convention. All States that are Parties to the Convention are represented at the COP, at which they review the implementation of the Convention and any other legal instruments that the COP adopts and take decisions necessary to promote the effective implementation of the Convention, including institutional and administrative arrangements.

♤ Kyoto Protocol to the UNFCC came into existence in 1997.

♤ UNFCC borrows from the Montreal Protocol, in 1987 on CFCs i.e. it bound member states to act in the interests of human safety even in the face of scientific uncertainty.

2.6.1. UNFCCC

♤ The ultimate objective of the Convention is to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations "at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic (human induced) interference with the climate system.