o Universal Postal Union (UPU): Established in 1874, the Universal Postal Union (UPU), with its headquarters in the Berne, Switzerland, is the second oldest international organisation worldwide. With its 192 member countries, it is the primary forum for cooperation between postal sector players. It helps to ensure a truly universal network of up-to-date products and services.

o World Bank: see the entry on Bretton Woods institutions below

o World Health Organisation (WHO): WHO began functioning with its Constitution coming into force on 7 April 1948 – now celebrated every year as World Health Day. Its headquarters is in Geneva, Switzerland. Working through offices in more than 150 countries, WHO Secretariat staff work side by side with governments and other partners to ensure the highest attainable level of health for all people. WHO defines health as Health as state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Its Publications include the World Health Report, World Health Statisitics etc.

o World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO): WIPO is the global forum for intellectual property services, policy, information and cooperation. It is a self-funding agency of the United Nations, with 191 member states. Its mission is to lead the development of a balanced and effective international intellectual property (IP) system that enables innovation and creativity for the benefit of all. Its mandate, governing

bodies and procedures are set out in the WIPO Convention, which established WIPO in 1967. Its headquarters is in Geneva, Switzerland

o World Meteorological Organisation (WMO): It is an intergovernmental organisation with a membership of 191 Member States and Territories. It originated from the International Meteorological Organisation (IMO), which was founded in 1873. Established by the ratification of the WMO Convention on 23 March 1950, WMO became the specialised agency of the United Nations for meteorology (weather and climate), operational hydrology and related geophysical sciences a year later in 1951. The Secretariat, headquartered in Geneva, is headed by the Secretary-General. Its supreme body is the World Meteorological Congress.

o World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO): It is an agency responsible for the promotion of responsible, sustainable and universally accessible tourism. UNWTO encourages the implementation of the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism to maximize tourism’s socio-economic contribution while minimizing its possible negative impacts. UNWTO’s membership includes 158 countries, 6 Associate Members and over 500 Affiliate Members representing the private sector, educational institutions, tourism associations and local tourism authorities. On 27 September 1970, the International Union of Official Travel Organisations (IUOTO) Special General Assembly meeting in Mexico City adopts the Statutes of the World Tourism Organisation (WTO). From 1980 onwards, this day is celebrated as “World Tourism Day”. It began functioning s the in 1975. In 2003, the WTO general council and the UN agreed to establish the WTO as a specialized agency of the UN. Its headquarters is in Madrid.