♤ India has committed over 2 billion US$ for development efforts in Afghanistan.

♤ It has financed and built significant projects such as:

o Delaram Zaranj Highway,

o Parliament Building,

o India Afghanistan Friendship Dam/Selma Dam, Hari River, Heart Province

o Transmission lines to Kabul.

♤ While it has avoided its own military presence, India views foreign military presence in Afghanistan as indispensable in promoting political stability and development in the country. The USA has also urged India to get involved more.

♤ India believes in invest and endure strategy for Afghanistan.

2.4.1. Challenges of Connectivity

♤ Pakistan, in particular, has been opposed to any growth in Indian influence and views Afghanistan as essential for achieving strategic depth.