Jinnah’s Fourteen Points

Jinnah went back to the Shafi faction of the Muslim League and in March 1929 gave fourteen points which were to become the basis of all future propaganda of the Muslim League. The fourteen points were as follows.

1. Federal Constitution with residual powers to provinces.

2. Provincial autonomy.

3. No constitutional amendment by the centre without the concurrence of the states constituting the Indian federation.

4. All legislatures and elected bodies to have adequate representation of Muslims in every province without reducing a majority of Muslims in a province to a minority or equality.

5. Adequate representation to Muslims in the services and in self-governing bodies.

6. One-third Muslim representation in the central legislature.

7. In any cabinet at the centre or in the provinces, one- third to be Muslims.

8. Separate electorates.

9. No bill or resolution in any legislature to be passed if three-fourths of a minority community consider such a bill or resolution to be against their interests.

10. Any territorial redistribution not to affect the Muslim majority in Punjab, Bengal and NWFP.

11. Separation of Sindh from Bombay.

12. Constitutional reforms in the NWFP and Baluchistan.

13. Full religious freedom to all communities.

14. Protection of Muslim rights in religion, culture, education and language.