4.1. Procedural Democracy and Substantive Democracy

India opted for the parliamentary form of government in order to make the nation-state based on the principles of universal adult franchise and periodic election in contrast to the village- level government in the light of Gandhian principles.

The assessment of democracy depends on the indices used to indicate or measure it. There are mainly two models of indices regarding democracy - first related to the institutional minimal i.e. procedural democracy and second related to the substantive or effective democracy.