Crop

Climatic

Conditions

Soil Requirements

Area of Cultivation

Rice

Temp: Higher than 22°C

Rain: More than 100cm

Fertile clayey or loamy soil of the river valleys, flood plains, coastal plains and deltas capable of holding

water

Lower and middle Ganga Plains, the east and west coastal plains, the Brahmaputra Valley and parts

of the Deccan Plateau.

Wheat

Temp:

Winter 10°C -15°C Summer 21°C- 26°C

Rain: 50-75 cm

Well-drained fertile silt and clayey loams

Punjab, Haryana, Pradesh, Rajasthan Madhya Pradesh

Uttar and

Jowar

Temp: 26°C – 33°C

Rain: About 30 cm

Clayey, regur and alluvium

Maharashtra, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan and

Gujarat

Bajra

Temp: 25°C – 30

°C

Rain: 40 -50 cm

Sandy loams, black and red soils

Maharashtra, Gujarat, Uttar

Pradesh, Rajasthan and Haryana.

Maize

Temp: 21°C – 27°C

Rain: 50 -100 cm

Deep fertile well drained soil rich in organic matter with good water holding

capacity

Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh

Ragi

Temp: 20°C – 30°C

Rain: 50 -100 cm

Red, loams

light

black

sandy

Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra

Pradesh, Orissa, Bihar, Gujarat and Maharashtra

Gram

Temp: 20°C – 25°C

Rain: 40 -50 cm

Well-drained fertile silt and clayey loams

Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana

and Maharashtra

Tur (Arhar)

Temp: Winter 15°C -18°C

Summer 30°C- 35°C

Rain: 50-70 cm

Sandy loam to clayey loam, Deep well drained soil

Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, Karnataka and Tamil

Nadu

Groundnut

Temp: 20°C – 30°C

Rain: 50 -80 cm

Sandy loams and black soil

Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Gujarat &

Maharashtra.

Rapeseed & Mustard

Temp: 10°C – 20°C

Rain: 50 -100 cm

Alluvial soil

Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, Madhya

Pradesh and Chhattisgarh

Sesamum (Til)

Temp: 20°C – 25°C

Rain: About 50 cm

Well-drained light loamy soils

Orissa, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, West

Bengal and Madhya Pradesh.

Sunflower

Temp: 15°C – 25°C

Rain: About 50 cm

Well-drained loamy soil

Karnataka, Maharashtra,

Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh

Soyabean

Temp: 15°C – 25°C

Rain: 40-60 cm

Friable loamy retain moisture.

soils can

Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and

Chhattisgarh.

Linseed

Temp: 10°C – 20°C

Rain: 50 -75 cm

Clay loams, deep black soils and alluvial soils

Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh

and Maharashtra

Cotton

Temp: 21°C – 30°C

Rain: 50 -100 cm

Black soil, Alluvial soil and

Red soil

Punjab, Maharashtra, Gujarat

and Haryana

Jute

Temp: 24°C – 35°C

Rain: 120 -150 cm

Light sandy or clayey loam

with annual water supply

West Bengal, Assam, Bihar

and Orissa

Sugarcane

Temp: 21°C – 27°C

Rain: 75 -100 cm

Deep, well-drained, rich loamy soil with moisture retaining capacity

Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra

Pradesh, Bihar and Punjab

Coconut

Temp: 20°C – 25°C

Rain: Above150 cm

Loose porous along

sea shores

or sandy

Kerala, Tamil Karnataka

Nadu

and

Tea

Temp: 20°C – 30°C

Rain: 150 -300 cm

Well-drained deep fertile sandy loams

Brahmaputra & Surma valleys of Assam, Darjeeling and Jalpaiguri districts of northern West Bengal and Nilgiris, Palnis and Annamalai hills in

South India

Coffee

Temp: 15°C – 28°C

Rain: 150 -250 cm

Well-drained loamy soils,

rich in humus and minerals

Karnataka , Kerala and Tamil

Nadu

Rubber

Temp: 25°C – 35°C

Rain: Above 300cm

Deep, rich and well- drained loamy soil, at an elevation of about 400

metres

Kerala, Tamil Nadu,

Karnataka and Andaman and Nicobar Islands