2. Landform and Landscape

A landscape is the general shape of the land surface. Each landscape has its own geologic structure and topographic relief. Topographic relief is the change of elevation between the highest and the lowest places. Landscapes include a variety of topographic features related to the processes that shaped the land surface. A landform is a single feature of a landscape such as mountain, valley or a river system. Hence, several related landforms together make up landscapes.

Topography refers to the elevation and relief of the Earth’s surface.

Landforms are the topographic features on the Earth’s surface.

Geomorphology is the study of earth surface processes and landforms.