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It sprawls over the greater parts of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. The July temperature varies between 25° C and 3.5° C and that of January between 10° C and 2.5°
C. The average annual rainfall varies between 100 cm and 150 cm. The soil is alluvial and there is great potential of underground water.
Rice, wheat, barley, maize, millets, pulses, mustard, sugarcane and oilseeds, are the main crops. Agriculturally, these plains are less developed than the Upper Ganga Plains.
Agriculture can be made more productive and sustainable to improve the input delivery system and diversification of crops by giving more area to vegetables, fruits, and floriculture. Dairying, silviculture, agro forestry, and pisciculture can also go a long way in improving the income of the farmers.