2. The North-Western Himalayan Region

The Western Himalayan Floristic region stretches over Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand. This region records relatively less rainfall and temperatures. The effect of altitude is quite visible on the vegetation of Western Himalayas. Here again, one finds the sub-tropical (up to 1525 in), temperate (1525m to 3650 m) and Alpine vegetation from 3650 m to 4575 metres. In the sub-montane region the main vegetation is sal, semul, and savanna type. Among the temperate vegetation are chir (pine), oak, deodar, alder, birch, and conifers. At higher altitudes, trees are replaced by alpine pastures and trees like juniper, silver fir, birch, and larch are seen.