Systemic Problems

♤ Conflict resolution mechanisms are ineffective;

♤ Intelligence gathered is not accurate, timely and actionable and

♤ Bad personnel policies - poor choice of officials and short tenures - lead to inadequate grasp of local conditions.

♤ The administration and the police fail to anticipate and read indicators which precipitated violence earlier;

♤ Even after the appearance of first signals, the administration and police are slow to react;

♤ Field functionaries tend to seek and wait for instructions from superiors and superiors tend to interfere in local matters undermining local initiative and authority;

♤ The administration and police at times act in a partisan manner and

♤ At times there is failure of leadership, even total abdication on the part of those entrusted with maintenance of public order.

♤ Rehabilitation is often neglected, breeding resentment and residual anger and

♤ Officials are not held to account for their failures, thus perpetuating slackness and incompetence.