Answer:

Urbanization accompanied by large scale migration leads to mushrooming slums. India's slum population will constitute roughly 9% of the total projected national population of 1.28 billion in 2017.

Driving factors

♤ A Higher and More Stable Income: Productive employment opportunities in an urban centre likely generate a higher and more consistent personal disposable income than in the place of origin – likely a rural, farming centre.

♤ Social Mobility for the Next Generation: Raising children in an urban environment creates a higher “option value” for the next generation. Typically, cities offers a wider choice of education and employment opportunities.

♤ Distress Migration: Political disturbances and inter-ethnic conflicts forces people away from their homes. People also migrate to urban areas in the aftermath of major natural disasters.

♤ No other option except slums: Poor migrant families are unable to afford decent housing and transportation cost which forces them to settle in slum areas in the city near to their work place.