Impact on migrants

Broadly, this dimension refers to the extent to which migrants and their descendants are included into the democratic process, civic organizations and associations of the host country.

Migrants who are forced to migrate due to civil war or State politics which discriminate against particular categories of its citizens find it difficult to return home due to well founded fear of being persecuted. These migrants are unlikely to receive any protection from their government.

Migrants, notably those in an irregular situation, tend to live and work in the shadows, afraid to complain, denied rights and freedoms, and disproportionately vulnerable to discrimination, exploitation and marginalization.

Human rights violations against migrants, including denial of access to fundamental rights such as the right to education or the right to health, are often closely linked to discriminatory laws and practice, and to deep-seated attitudes of prejudice and xenophobia against migrants.

Political impact may be evident from parameters like citizenship (citizenship rate, single/ multiple citizenship, rate of naturalizations, speed of access, pathway), participation in social and civic groups, participation in social activities, volunteering, voting participation, access to services, ability to access support, discrimination, victimization, feelings of safety/trust and cultural diversity.