Answer:

Regionalism, as an ideology and political movement, seeks to advance the causes of regions. If the interest of one region or a state is asserted against the country as a whole or against another region or state in a hostile way, and if a conflict is promoted by such alleged interests, then it is called regionalism.

Post independence, India has witnessed many instances of regionalism maifested in: the demand of Dravida Nadu, Telangana movement, Bodoland movement in Assam, Khalistan movement. Interstate disputes also carried regionalist undertones. The underlying causes range from regional disparity to the son of soil concept as well as diversity of languages, cultures, ethnic groups etc.

Regionalism is often seen as a serious threat to the development, progress and unity of the nation. Internal security challenges by the insurgent groups, who propagate and are

motivated by the feelings of regionalism pose grave challenge to the internal security of the country.. Regionalism at times transforms into secessionism, especially in border areas often getting support from neighboring countries.

The Constitution of India has adequate provisions to address the issue of regional aspirations.

♤ Indian federalism provides a mechanism for addressing regionalism and reconciling of regional identities within the democratic framework.

o The 73rd and 74th Amendment acts further addressed the regional aspiration by devolving power and resources to be used as per regional needs.

♤ The regions under 5th and 6th Schedule enjoys certain autonomy which give them scope to maintain their own culture and develop according to their own need.

♤ The provision of PESA Act, 1996 is a step towards bringing reconciliation with the regional aspirations.

♤ Art 371 has special provisions helpful in addressing concerns of some states.

These provisions need to be implemented in true spirit and with adequate political will to address the issues engendering regionalism.