5. Peaceful co-existence.

Internationalist, approach of foreign policy was also reflected in the active participation of India at the Asian-African Conference in Bandung (Indonesia) 1955. This Conference was held in Bandung on April 18-24, 1955 and gathered 29 Heads of States belonging to the first post- colonial generation of leaders from the two continents with the aim of identifying and assessing world issues at the time and pursuing out joint policies in international relations. The principles that would govern relations among large and small nations, known as the "Ten Principles of Bandung", were proclaimed at that Conference. The Bandung conference paved way for the creation of the Movement of Non-Aligned nations in 1961.

The Indus Water Treaty signed in Karachi on 19 September 1960 by Prime Minister of India Jawaharlal Nehru and President of Pakistan Ayub Khan, was a testimony to progress made on contentious issues through diplomatic means. However, even though India professed diplomacy as the preferred choice to resolve disputes, it took certain stringent actions when required. For instance, when extensive diplomatic discussion with the stubborn Salazar regime in Portugal produced a deadlock and Prime Minister Nehru faced increasing criticism from a group of Afro- Asian leaders, India chose to use force to oust the Portuguese from their colonial enclave in Goa in 1961.