Contents

1. Introduction 203

2. Evolution of Indian Industry 203

2.1. The Pre-Reform Regime 203

2.1.1. Industrial Policy Regime in the Pre-Reform Period 204

2.1.2. Major Features of Pre-1991 Industrial Policy 207

2.1.3. Assessment of Pre-1991 Industrial Policy 208

2.2. Beginning of Reforms in the 1980s 208

2.3. New Industrial Policy, 1991 209

2.3.1. Assessment of New Industrial Policy (NIP) 212

3. Initiatives Taken by the Government for Industrial Development 215

3.1. Disinvestment 215

3.2. Ease of Doing Business in India 216

3.3. E- Biz Project 217

3.4. Make in India Initiative 217

3.5. National Manufacturing Policy, 2011 218

3.6. Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC) 219

3.7. Steps Taken for Promotion and Development of MSMEs 219

4. Previous Years GS Mains Questions 220

5. Previous Years UPSC Mains Questions 227