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(Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society)
Indian Culture - Salient aspects of Art Forms, Literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
Modern Indian History from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities, issues.
The Freedom Struggle — its various stages and important contributors/contributions from different parts of the country.
Post-independence Consolidation and Reorganization within the country.
History of the World will include events from 18th century such as Industrial Revolution, world wars, Redrawal of National Boundaries, Colonization, Decolonization, political philosophies like Communism, Capitalism, Socialism etc.— their forms and effect on the society.
Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India.
Role of Women and Women’s Organization, Population and Associated Issues, Poverty and Developmental issues, Urbanization, their problems and their remedies. Effects of Globalization on Indian society.
Social Empowerment, Communalism, Regionalism & Secularism. Salient features of World’s Physical Geography.
Distribution of Key Natural Resources across the world (including South Asia and the Indian sub-continent); factors responsible for the location of primary, secondary, and tertiary sector industries in various parts of the world (including India).
Important Geophysical Phenomena such as earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, cyclone etc., geographical features and their location-changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies and ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes.
History
Indian Heritage & Culture
Indian Art Forms
Indian Paintings Classical Dance Forms
Folk Dance Forms Classical Music Puppetry
Pottery Drama/Theatre Martial Arts
Literature
Ancient Indian Literature Classical Sanskrit Literature Literature in Pali and Prakrit
Early Dravidian Literature
Medieval Literature Women Poets of Bhakti
Trends in Medieval Literature Modern Indian Literature
Architecture
Harappan Architecture Temple Architecture Cave Architecture
Indo-Islamic Architecture Medieval Architecture Modern Architecture
Contribution of Buddhism & Jainism to the Development of Indian Architecture
Rock Cut Architecture
Colonial Architecture & the Modern Period
Modern Indian History
Middle of the Eighteenth Century Until The Present
Socio-economic Condition of People
European Penetration of India
British Conquest of India
British Policies & Their Impact – Economic, Administrative & Socio-cultural
Socio-cultural Reform Movements Uprisings Against British Pre-1857
The Freedom Struggle
Revolt of 1857
Growth of Nationalism in India (1858-1905)
Political, Economic & Administrative Unification of the Country
Role of Western Education Role of Press
Rediscovery of India’s Past Early Political Movements Formation of INC
Era of Moderates
Growth of Militant Nationalism & Revolutionary Activities (1905-1918)
Swadeshi & Boycott Movement Surat Split
International Influence Morley – Minto Reforms Growth of Communalism
Beginning of Mass Nationalism (1919-1939)
Mahatma Gandhi – His Ideas & Leadership
Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms Rowlatt Act, Satyagrah and Jallianwala Bagh Massacre Non-cooperation & Khilafat Movement
Swarajists & No-Changers
Emergence of New Forces – Socialistic Ideas, Youth & Trade Unionism Revolutionary Activity
Simon Commission & Nehru Report Civil Disobedience Movement Round Table Conferences Communal Award & Poona Pact Participation in Elections to Central
Legislature (1934) & Provincial Assemblies (1937)
Government of India Act, 1935
Towards Freedom & Partition (1939-1947)
National Movement During World War II August Offer
Individual Satyagraha Growth of Communalism Peasant Movements State People’s Struggle Cripps Mission
Quit India Movement Wavell Plan
INA & Subhash Chandra Bose Cabinet Mission
Nationalist Upsurge Post-World War II Independence with Partition
Post-independence Consolidation
Nation Building
Partition and Its Aftermath Integration of Princely States Reorganisation of States Issue of Official Language Tribal Consolidation Regional Aspirations
Foreign Policy
Non-Aligned Movement Panchsheel
Wars with Pakistan & China Nuclear Policy
Economy
Planned Development
Green Revolution, Operation Flood & Cooperatives
Agrarian & Land Reforms Industrial Reforms
LPG Reforms
Polity
Era of One-Party Dominance Emergence of Opposition Parties Emergency: Crisis of Democratic Order
Rise of Regional Parties Coalition Era
Social
Popular Movements Communalism Indian Women Since Independence Naxalism
History of the World
Industrial Revolution
Renaissance
Discovery of Sea Routes Reformation
Counter Reformation European Nations Settle North America
Rise of Slave Trade
American War of Independence French Revolution
Nationalism in Europe
Rise of Capitalism, Colonialism & Imperialism
World War I
Causes of the War
Scope & Course of the War Russian Revolution
End of the War & Peace Treaties Consequences of the War League of Nations
World Between the Two Wars
Europe After the War – Fascism & Nazism
The Great Depression Emergence of Soviet Union Nationalist Movements in Asia & Africa
US as a Strong Power
World War II
Fascist Aggression & Response of Western Democracies
Outbreak of the War Theatres of the War US Entry into the War
Global Nature of the War The Holocaust Resistance Movements After-effects of the War
Decolonialisation & Redrawal of National Boundaries
Europe after World War II Cold War
Rise of Asia & Africa
Developments in West Asia & North Africa Spread of Communism
Korean War Vietnam War Cuban Crisis
Collapse of Soviet Union
Concept, Types & Social Impact of Political Philosophies
Communism Capitalism Socialism
Indian Society
Salient Features of Indian Society
Diversity (Types – caste, linguistic, social and religious, race, tribe and ethnicity, culture)
Challenges posed by Diversity Unity
Pluralism
Unity in Diversity Inequality and Exclusion Family System Examples of above.
Role of Women and Women's Organization
Women's Organisations – Empowerment through Action
19th Century Social Reform Movements and Early Women's Organisations – (1) Agrarian Struggles and Revolt, (2) Participation in Freedom Struggle
Women's Organisations Post – 1947
Resurgence of Women's Movement in the 70s: (1) Emergence of New Organisations, (2) Approaches and Issues
Contemporary Women's Issues & Organisation Response Women's Organisations and SHGs
Challenges faced by Women's Organisations
Population and Associated Issues
Basic Demography of India Population Trends in India and their Implications
Causes and Effects of Over Population Challenges of Population Explosion
Changing Age Structure of Indian Population
Demogarphic Dividend: Boon or Bane for India
Population Aging in India
India's Population Policy & Initiatives
Poverty and Developmental Issues
Concept of Development and Poverty
Types of Poverty Measurement of Poverty – Poverty Line
Causes of Poverty Poverty as a Social Problem
Socio-economic Spread of Poverty Consequences of Poverty –
Inequality Continuation of Vicious Cycle Who are worst affected by poverty?
Problem of Rising Urban Poverty Poverty Alleviation Initiatives
Policy shift from “Trickle Down” Economics to Inclusive or Pro-poor Development to Reduce Poverty
Relation between Poverty Reduction and Development: Poverty-Inequality-Development Nexus
Urbanization
Urbanisation Trends in India and Their Implications - Demographic and Social Dimensions
Factors Driving Urbanisation
State of Service Delivery and Challeges posed by Urbanisation
Problems of Urban Areas
Social Consequences of Urbanisation
Impact of Urbanisation in Rural Areas
Urban Planning and Role of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) Reforms Required and Government Initiatives Taken So Far
Problems of Slums
Effects of Globalization on Indian Society
Understanding Globalisation
– Its Different Dimensions Globalisation & Culture - Homogenisation vs.
Glocalisation
Factors Driving Globalisation
Globalisation & India
Impact of Globalisation on India - Socio- cultural, economic, on women, agrarian sector etc.
Does Globalisation cause Poverty?
Social Empowerment
Which are the Socially Disadvantaged Groups? Dimensions of Social Empowerment
Government Initiatives to Aide Social Empowerment
Communalism
Communalism – Its Characteristics
Communalism in India in the Past Communalism in Contemporqary India
Causes of Communalism
Consequences of Communalism Measures to Control & Eradicate Communalism
Secularism as an Antidote to Communalism
Regionalism
Concept of Region & Regionalism Different Forms of Regionalism Regionalism in India
Causes of Regionalism Concept of 'Sons of Soil'
Consequences of Regionalism Federalism & Regionalism Role of Regional Parties
Measures to Contain Regionalism Regionalism in the International Sphere
Secularism
Concept of Secularism Indian Model of Secularism Secularism in India
Nature & Practice of Secularism in India
Uniform Civil Code
Challenges faced by Secularism in India
Measures to Make India Truly Secular
Geography
Salient Features of World's Physical Geography
Geomorphology
Origin & Evolution of Earth Interior of the Earth
Distribution of Continents & Oceans Plate Tectonic Theory
Distribution of Earthquakes & Volcanoes
Rocks & Rock Cycle
Geomorphic Processes – Endogenic & Exogenic
Landforms & their Evolution
Oceanography
Hydrological Cycle Seafloor Spreading Ocean Floor Configuration
Temperature & Salinity of Oceans Movement of Oceans – Waves, Tides, Currents
Climatology
Earth’s Atmosphere – Composition & Structure
Solar Radiation, Heat Budget & Temperature
Atmospheric Circulation & Weather Systems
World Climate (examples)
Soil Geography
Soil & Soil Contents Process of Soil Formation Soil Forming Factors Types of Soils (examples)
Soil Erosion & Conservation
Distribution of Key Natural Resources Across the World
Types of Resources
On the Basis of Origin, Ownership, Exhaustability etc.
Land Resources
Land Utilisation Land Use Pattern Land Degradation & Conservation
Forest Resources
Types & Distribution – Grasslands, Forests etc. Causes of Depletion Conservation of Forests
Water Resources
Marine & Freshwater Water Scarcity & Need For Conservation
Integrated Water Resources Management
Agricultural Resources
Types of Farming Cropping Patterns
Contribution to Economy, Employment & Output
Food Security
Mineral & Energy Resources
Classification of Minerals – Ferrous & Non- Ferrous
Occurrence of Minerals Conservation of Minerals Classification of Energy Resources – Conventional & Non-Conventional Occurrence of Energy Resources Conservation of Energy Resources
Factors Responsible for the Location of Industries
Classification of Industries
Location & Distribution of the Industries on the Basis of
Raw Material Labour Market Capital
Land
Grants & Financial Incentives
Power Transport Water Communication
Distribution of Major Industries – Iron & Steel, IT, Cotton Textile
Agglomeration & Footloose Industries
Important Geophysical Phenomena
Earthquakes
Why Does Earth Shake? Earthquake Waves Shadow Zone
Types of Earthquake Measuring Earthquake Effects of Earthquake
Tsunami
What Causes Tsunami Effect of Tsunami
Mitigating the Impact of Tsunami
Volcanoes
Types of Volcanoes
What Causes Volcanoes? Volcanic Landforms
Cyclone
Tropical Cyclones Anti-Cyclone
Extra Tropical Cyclones
Geographical Features and their Location
Factors Causing Changes in Critical Geographical Features
Examples of Changing Geographicl Features - Mealting of Ice Sheets, Desertification etc.
Impact of Changing Geographical Features